Polynia
Polynia a water area enclosed in ice, generally fast, this water area remains constant and usually has an oblong shape, sometimes limited to one side by the coast. Any enclosed sea water area in pack ice other than a lead, not large enough to be called open water if a polynia is found in the same region every year, for example, off the mouths of big rivers, it is called a recurring polynia a temporary small clearing in pack ice which consists of small ice floes and brash ice in continuous local movement is called an unstable polynia, an opening which is flanked by large floes and therefore appears to be relatively stable is called a stable polynia when frozen over, a polynia becomes an ice skylight from the point of view of the
Source: http://www.iho.int/iho_pubs/standard/S-32/S-32-eng.pdf
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