Japanese measures on leather
Japanese measures on leather: a case launched under the GATT in 1983 by the United States. The case was preceded by two earlier ones which, however, did not run the full course of the dispute settlement process. The first, initiated by the United States in 1978, ended in a bilateral understanding allocating increased import quotas for leather to the United States. The second case, launched by Canada in 1979, was similarly settled amicably. By 1983 the United States had come to view that the understanding of 1978 was of little value in achieving larger exports of leather to Japan, and it launched another case. The facts were that Japan maintained import restrictions on bovine, equine, sheep, lamb, goat and kid leather. Importers had to obtain import licences. The Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) allocated the global leather quota by way of two methods: (i) the "trader" quota formula based on import records available to selected firms which had a history of importing, and (ii) the "user" quota formula which gave quotas to selected end-users and/or firms that represented them. The licensing system applied only to wet-blue chrome and finished leather. Japan explained the historical, cultural and socio-economic background of the "Dowa problem". The Dowa are a national minority traditionally performing jobs considered less desirable. Japan noted that they were a product of its feudal society before the Meiji Reformation (1868). The people of Dowa districts had been, as an established social institution, classified as being outside and below the
Source: http://ctrc.sice.oas.org/trc/WTO/Documents/Dictionary%20of%20trade%20%20policy%20terms.pdf
Web site to visit: http://ctrc.sice.oas.org
Author of the text: W. Goode
If you are the author of the text above and you not agree to share your knowledge for teaching, research, scholarship (for fair use as indicated in the United States copyrigh low) please send us an e-mail and we will remove your text quickly. Fair use is a limitation and exception to the exclusive right granted by copyright law to the author of a creative work. In United States copyright law, fair use is a doctrine that permits limited use of copyrighted material without acquiring permission from the rights holders. Examples of fair use include commentary, search engines, criticism, news reporting, research, teaching, library archiving and scholarship. It provides for the legal, unlicensed citation or incorporation of copyrighted material in another author's work under a four-factor balancing test. (source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_use)
The information of medicine and health contained in the site are of a general nature and purpose which is purely informative and for this reason may not replace in any case, the council of a doctor or a qualified entity legally to the profession.
The following texts are the property of their respective authors and we thank them for giving us the opportunity to share for free to students, teachers and users of the Web their texts will used only for illustrative educational and scientific purposes only.
All the information in our site are given for nonprofit educational purposes
The information of medicine and health contained in the site are of a general nature and purpose which is purely informative and for this reason may not replace in any case, the council of a doctor or a qualified entity legally to the profession.
www.riassuntini.com