El Niño
The La Niña and El Niño are phases of the South Pacific’s oscillation cycle. During La Niña the SE Trades drive warm water westwards and north including the coast of Australia, allowing the cold Humboldt Current and its fish productive waters to surface along the South American Coast.El Niño sees the weakening of the winds and the eastwards return flow of the warmer sea water. This brings drought to Australia (due to the cooler less evaporative coastal seas) and flooding to the South American West Coast. The Southern Oscillation Index is a measure these changes.
Source: http://www.splashmaritime.com.au/Marops/Dictionary.pdf
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