Pacemaker
Pacemaker a horse put into a race in order to set the early pace to benefit a stable mate (equestrian) (chambers. Sports factf.,2005, 348P.) Pacemaker an athlete who aids a record attempt by ensuring the race starts off at the required speed (athletics) (chambers. Sports factf.,2005, 53P.) Pacemaker 1. (In long-distance running) a clearly marked athlete who runs at a set pace to help other runners set their pace 2. A battery-operated electrical device inserted into the body to deliver small regular shocks that stimulate the heart to beat in a normal rhythm (dict. Of sp. And ex. Sc. 2006, 155P.) Pacemaker participant in a speed competition controlling the speed to make a fast race possible, e.G. In equestrian and in the motor-paced track bicycling races. In track and field middle- and long- distance running events a pacemaker (who does not run the entire distance) is often used to begin the race with a relatively high velocity in order to achieve a fast winning time (on criticism of this practice »individual sport disciplines). (H.Haag &g. Haag, dictionary, 2003, 347p)
Source: http://lspa.eu/files/study/lection_materials/U.Svinks/Sport_lexis_terms_explanatory_dictionary_in_english.pdf
List of Literature and The List of Abbreviations sources used in the source document
1. Chambers Sports Factfinder. Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd 2005. [ISBN 0550 101616] (Chambers. Sports Factf.,2005)
2. Dictionary of Leisure, Travel and Tourism. Third edition. A&C Black Publishers Ltd, 2008. [ISBN 9780713685459] (Dict. of Leis., Trav. and Tour., 2008)
3. Dictionary. Sport, Physical Education, Sport Science. Editors Herbert Haag&Gerald Haag. Kiel, Institut für Sport und Sportwissenschaften, 2003. [ISBN 3-7780-3419-7] ((H.Haag &G. Haag, Dictionary, 2003)
4. Dictionary of Sport and Exercise Science A&Black Publishers Ltd 2006. [ISBN -10: 0713677856; ISBN-13: 9780713677850] (Dict. of Sp.and Ex.Sc,2006)
5. Dictionary of the Sport and Exercise Sciences. Mark H.Anshel, Editor. Human Kinetics Books Champaign, Illinois, 1991 [ISBN: 0-87322-379-9] (Dict. of sp. and Ex. Sc. 1991)
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